| REVIEW ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2017 | Volume
: 6
| Issue : 1 | Page : 6-11 |
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Pediatric acute kidney injury: Appraisal of predictors and prognostic indicators
Samuel Nkachukwu Uwaezuoke
Pediatric Nephrology Firm, University of Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
Samuel Nkachukwu Uwaezuoke
Honorary Consultant Pediatrician, Pediatric Nephrology Firm, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.12980/jad.6.2017JADWEB-2016-0069
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. In spite of the advances in renal replacement therapy, there has been a minimal reduction in AKI-related morbidity and mortality. Identifying the prognostic indicators and the risk factors that predict disease onset and progression, and instituting appropriate measures will lead to better survival outcomes. This narrative review seeks to appraise the predictors and prognostic indicators of pediatric AKI. Several biomarkers clearly stand out as predictors and prognostic indicators of the acute disease. Some of them are urine angiotensinogen, fibroblast growth factor-23, cystacin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7. Combining few of these biomarkers with clinical prediction models has improved their predictive and prognostic utility for AKI. Hemodynamic parameters such as indexed systemic oxygen delivery and mean arterial blood pressure have been proved to be reliable in predicting the occurrence and progression of the disease and its outcomes. Miscellaneous predictors and prognostic indicators like AKI definition criteria, presence of co-morbidities, and health-related quality of life assessment have also been documented from evidence-based studies. An understanding and application of these indices will obviously help to reduce AKI mortality in children.
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